Ko te pikinga tere o ngā utu hinu i puta mai i te pakanga i Īrāna (neke atu i te $100 ia oko i te marama o Poutū-te-rangi 2026) kua toru ngā pānga ki te umanga peera (ina koa mō tā mātou pakihi kaweake hinu o waho).te peera poraka urunga)te pikinga o ngā utu, te rerekētanga o te tono, me te pēhanga ki ngā mahi whakahaere. He hekenga i te wā poto, ā, he whai wāhitanga hanganga anō hoki i te wā waenga ki te wā roa.
1. Te taha utu: Te pikinga tika, te pēhi i ngā hua
1. Kua piki ake ngā utu pūngao me ngā matū; kua piki ake te whakapaunga hiko/hau i roto ite whārikihe nui te mahi whakaputa (te hanga whakarewa, te whakamahana, te huri); e piki ana ngā utu hinu → ka piki anō hoki ngā utu hiko me te hau i te wā kotahi, ka hua ake he pikinga 5% ki te 12% o ngā utu whakaputa pūngao.
He mea hanga tika ngā hinu whakahinuhinu, ngā hiri, me ngā āputa kirihou mai i ngā mea i ahu mai i te hinu: kua piki ake ngā utu o te hinu turanga, te rapa, me te nairona, ā, kua piki ake te utu o ngā wāhanga hiri me te whakahinuhinu mā te 10% ki te 20%.
2. Te pikinga ā-kore o ngā rauemi mata (te maitai)
He nui te pūngao e hiahiatia ana i roto i te whakarewanga o te maitai amo; ka piki ake te utu hinu → ka piki ake ngā utu mō ngā koranu, te chromium, te molybdenum, me te nickel → ka piki ake ngā utu mō te maitai amo me te maitai motuhake.
E 60%, neke atu rānei, o te utu o ngā peera e ahu mai ana i ngā rauemi mata; mō ia pikinga 10% o ngā utu maitai, ka piki te utu o ngā peera mā te 5% ki te 8%.
3. Te pikinga ake o ngā utu kawe (te wāhi nui i pāngia e te hokohoko ki tāwāhi)
Te pikinga tere o ngā utu tāpiri wahie mō ngā kaipuke me ngā waka rererangi: Kua piki ake te utu utanga i te huarahi o te Middle East mā te 30% ki te 80%, ā, kua roa ake te huringa tuku.
Ka kaweake mātou i ngā peera porowhita me ngā nohoanga: Kua piki ake ngā utu kawe mō te hokohoko whakawhiti-rohe, ā, kāore i te pumau te huringa tuku.
II. Te taha tono: He mārama te kanorau (Pai/Kino)
Kino: Te ngoikore o te tono i te hekenga
Ngā mīhini whānui, ngā kakahu, ngā ahumahi māmā, ngā mīhini ahuwhenua noa: He iti te utu, ka heke te utu hinu → te reiti 开工 ↓, ka iti haere ngā ota.
Ngā motuka, ngā mīhini hanga utu iti: Ka pehia te haumi e ngā utu hinu teitei → Ka puhoi te tautoko i ngā wāhanga o te peera.
Mākete o te Waenganui Rawhiti/Īrāna： Te pōrearea o te āhuatanga → Te aukati i ngā ota, ngā uauatanga o te kohikohinga, ngā arai ki te tuku.
Pai: Ngā rāngai tipu tere
Ngā taputapu hinu (keri/whakaputa/kawe paipa): Te utu hinu teitei → Te whakapaunga whakapaipai ↑, te hiahia mō ngā peera mīhini hinu, ngā peera papu paru, me ngā peera wae papu ka tino piki ake.
Keri/whakarewa/kawe mahi taumaha： Utu hinu → Utu kohuke ↑ → Te hiahia mō ngā mīhini keri, ngā whitiki mīhini whāriki (tō pūwāhi kaha) ↑.
Mana hau/pūngao hou： Ka tere ake te tere o te whakaputanga o ngā pūngao hou nā te utu hinu teitei → Ngā ota mō ngā peera taputapu pūngao hou ↑.
Hoia/hanga kaipuke： Ngā taupatupatu ā-ao → Ngā tūranga hoia, kei te piki haere tonu te tono mō ngā tūranga moana.
III. Pānga Motuhake ki ngā Peera Pōro Whaiaro (Tō Hua Matua)
Utu: Ka piki ake te maitai + te hiri + te whakahinuhinu + te pūngao + ngā mahi kawe, ka piki ake te utu wheketere mā te 5% ki te 12%.
Te tono
Te tono nui: Ngā mīhini whitiki keri, ngā taputapu hinu, ngā mīhini ahuwhenua taumaha, ngā tāpoi hau (tō tono pai).
Te ngoikore o te tono: Ngā mīhini kai, ngā kakahu noa, te kawe waka māmā (he aro nui ki te utu). Te hokohoko ki tāwāhi
Ūropi/Amerika Te Raki: Te pēhanga pikinga utu → Ka uaua te whiriwhiri, ka roa ngā wā utu.
Te Rawhiti o Waenganui: Te whakamutua ota, te whakararuraru i ngā mahi kawe taonga, ngā mōrearea o te kohikohinga taonga.
ASEAN/Rūhia/Āhia Waenganui: He haumaru, ka taea te whakawhiti ota. Whakataetae
Ngā wheketere iti me te rahi-waenga: Kāore e taea te utu i ngā utu → whakaiti i te whakaputanga/putanga.
Ngā wheketere nui: Kei a rātou te kaha ki te tuku i ngā utu → whakapiki i te wāhi mākete.
IV. Ngā rautaki ka taea te whakamahi e te wheketere peera hokohoko ke i te tau 2026
1. Te whakahaere utu
Waihangahia he kirimana wā roa, ka raka i ngā utu me ngā mira maitai/kaituku matū.
Te penapena pūngao tukanga: whakaitihia te whakapaunga hiko i te wā e tukatuka/mira ana i te wera, whakamahia ngā hinu whakahinuhinu iti te matotoru.
Whakapai ake i te takai/whakakotahitanga: whakaitihia ngā utu whakahaere o ngā waeine.
2. Ngā Hua me ngā Utu
Whakaritea te tuku ki ngā rāngai e nui ana te moni whiwhi pēnei i ngā maina/hinu/pā hau/mīhini ahuwhenua taumaha.
Whakatikatika haeretia ngā utu i ia puranga (5% – 8%), me ngā whakamārama utu e tāpirihia ana.
Whakauruhia ngā hiri ōhanga/tauira māmā ake hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o ngā kiritaki e aro nui ana ki te utu.
3. Mākete me ngā Ota
Te whakahekenga o ngā mākete mōrearea nui i te Middle East, ka nekehia ngā ota ki ASEAN, Rūhia, Āhia Waenganui, me Amerika Latina.
Tukuna he utu whakaheke taurite ki ngā kiritaki roa hei raka i ngā ota me te whakau i te rere o te moni.
Whakawhanui ake i ngā kiritaki mutunga o ngā taputapu hinu, ngā mīhini keri.
4. Te Tiaki Mōrearea
Ngā tikanga hononga utu ota/moni whakawhiti moni.
He maha ngā huarahi tuku hei huarahi kē atu, me whakarite wawe.
Whakanuia ake te nui o ngā tauira e whakamahia whānuitia ana kia kore ai e whakararuraru i te tuku.
V. Whakarāpopototanga (kotahi te rerenga kōrero)
Te pikinga utu mō te wā poto, te pēhanga hua, ngā mōrearea i te Middle East; he pai mō te wā waenga me te wā roa mō te hinu/keri/peera mahi-taumaha (tō kaha i roto i ngā mata porowhita kore-pū), te whakateretere i te whakakotahitanga ahumahi, me ngā kaitākaro kaha ake e whakanui ana i tā rātou wāhanga mākete.